Friday 1 January 2016

NUMBER SYSTEMS AND THEIR CONVERSIONS

Decimal system
*In the decimal system there are actually have 10 numbers used write a number i.e 0,1,2,……,9.
*This system is used in daily life like calculators.
*This is also called base ten system.
Binary system
*This system contain only two numbers 0,1 these two numbers are used to wirte any number.
*Basic elements……..
Binary
system
0
1
10
11
100
101
101
111
1000
1001
Decimal
system
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

* These are remainders when we divide number by 2.so,there are only one’s and two’s.
*This system is used in computer and electronic machines where number comes into play.
*The binary system is useful in computer science and electrical engineering. Transistors operate from the binary system, and transistors are found in practically all electronic devices. A 0 means no current, and a 1 means to allow current. With various transistors turning on and off, signals and electricity is sent to do various things such as making a call or putting these letters on the screen.

*Computers and electronics work with bytes or eight digit binary numbers. Each byte has encoded information that a computer is able to understand. Many bytes are stringed together to form digital data that can be stored for use later.
Octal number system
This is another number system where only 8 numbers are used that is 0,1,2,….,8.
This is called base eight system.
*Basic elements……..
Octal
system
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
10
11
Decimal
system
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

These numbers divide by 8 and collecting the remainders.
Hexadecimal system
This is to base 16.
Therefore the numbers invoved over there are 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,F,E.
A corresponds to remainder 10 as when divided by 16,B-11,C-12,D-13,E-14,F-15.




DECIMAL
SYSTEM
BINARY SYSTEM
OCTAL SYSTEM
HEXADECIMAL
SYSTEM

0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
2
10
2
2
3
11
3
3
4
100
4
4
5
101
5
5
6
110
6
6
7
111
7
7
8
1000
10
8
9
1001
11
9
10
1010
12
A
11
1011
13
B
12
1100
14
C
13
1101
15
D
14
1110
16
E
15
1111
17
F
16
10000
20
10
17
10001
21
11
18
10010
22
12
19
10011
23
13
20
10100
24
14
Conversion from one form to other form
Here we will take a number and I show how to convert and reconvert
We will take 588 a three digit number.
588 in decimal system
Decimal to binary
divisor
quotient
remainders
2
588

2
294
0
2
147
0
2
73
1
 2
36
1
2
18
0
2
9
0
2
4
1
2
2
0

1
0






Here we have taken the number 588 and first it is divided by 2 continuously until remainder is 1.
Here for binary number we have to take remainders from bottom to top. Therefore the number is (1001001100)2.
Re conversion into decimal system
Now we are given with (1001001100)2 and we have reconvert.
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
512
0
0
64
0
0
8
4
0
0
Multiply the 1st row and 2nd row numbers correspondingly we get the 3rd row numbers.
Adding the 3rd row numbers give 588.
Conversion from decimal to octal decimal system
8
588

8
73
4
8
9
1
8
1
1

Therefore the number is (1114)8.
Re conversion into decimal system from octal decimal system
This of octal number system to decimal system.
83
82
81
80
1
1
1
4
512
64
8
4
*Adding the number in the 3rd row we get 588
Conversion from decimal to hexadecimal system
16
588

16
36
C(12)

2
4

Therefore the number in hexadecimal system is (24C)16.
 hexadecimal number system to decimal system
162
161
160
2
4
C(12)
512
64
12

*Adding the numbers in 3rd row we get 588

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